{"id":26540,"date":"2016-03-09T09:07:00","date_gmt":"2016-03-09T17:07:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/spijue.wpengine.com\/news\/drug-in-doping-case-used-by-soviet-troops\/"},"modified":"2016-03-09T09:07:00","modified_gmt":"2016-03-09T17:07:00","slug":"drug-in-doping-case-used-by-soviet-troops","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.juneauempire.com\/news\/drug-in-doping-case-used-by-soviet-troops\/","title":{"rendered":"Drug in doping case used by Soviet troops"},"content":{"rendered":"

MOSCOW<\/strong> \u2014 The drug at the center of Maria Sharapova\u2019s doping case, regularly given to Soviet troops in the 1980s to boost their stamina while fighting in Afghanistan, is normally prescribed for medical use for periods of four to six weeks.<\/p>\n

Sharapova faces possible sanctions after testing positive for meldonium, also known as mildronate, a drug the Russian tennis star said she started using 10 years ago for various medical issues. Sharapova did not indicate in her announcement Monday how often she has taken it.<\/p>\n

Her lawyer, John J. Haggerty, declined to go into specifics Tuesday but said during a conference call he wanted \u201cto disabuse the concept that Maria took mildronate every day for 10 years because that\u2019s simply not the case.\u201d<\/p>\n

Grindeks, the Latvian company that manufactures meldonium, said in an emailed statement to The Associated Press: \u201cDepending on the patient\u2019s health condition, treatment course of meldonium preparations may vary from four to six weeks. Treatment course can be repeated twice or thrice a year. Only physicians can follow and evaluate patient\u2019s health condition and state whether the patient should use meldonium for a longer period of time.\u201d<\/p>\n

Haggerty said \u201cMaria at all times took the mildronate in accordance with the recommendations of her doctor.\u201d He repeatedly declined to go into specifics about Sharapova\u2019s treatment, claiming he had to adhere to the \u201cstrict confidentiality\u201d of the International Tennis Federation\u2019s process. An ITF spokesman told The Associated Press, however, that the organization places no restrictions on what players and their representatives can say publicly about an ongoing case.<\/p>\n

Sharapova, a five-time Grand Slam champion, said Monday she failed a doping test at the Australian Open in January for meldonium, which became a banned substance under the World Anti-Doping Agency code this year.<\/p>\n

Meldonium is a heart medicine that improves blood flow and is little-known in the U.S., but it was once common in the Soviet military.<\/p>\n

The drug\u2019s inventor, Ivars Kalvins, told Latvian newspaper Diena in a 2009 interview that meldonium was given to soldiers during the 1980s, when Soviet forces were fighting in Afghanistan.<\/p>\n

\u201cHigh altitudes. Oxygen deprivation. If they have to run 20 kilometers with all the gear, at the end they would get ischemia (a blood circulation condition),\u201d Kalvins was quoted as saying.<\/p>\n

\u201cThey were all given meldonium. They themselves were not aware they were using it. No one was being asked (if they agree to it) back then.\u201d<\/p>\n

Kalvins said meldonium was \u201cnot doping,\u201d adding that it \u201callows you to withstand more physical pressure, but the body still spends its spare reserves.\u201d<\/p>\n

Sharapova said Monday she had taken meldonium for a decade following various health problems including regular sicknesses, early signs of diabetes and \u201cirregular\u201d results from echocardiography exams.<\/p>\n

\u201cI was first given the substance back in 2006. I had several health issues going on at the time,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n

Meldonium was banned because it aids oxygen uptake and endurance, and several athletes in various international sports have already been caught using it since it was banned Jan. 1.<\/p>\n

The wave of meldonium cases has echoes of a doping scandal involving another Soviet military drug, bromantan, which was banned after being found in Russian athletes\u2019 samples at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics.<\/p>\n

While Grindeks has previously stated that meldonium can provide an \u201cimprovement of work capacity of healthy people at physical and mental overloads and during rehabilitation period,\u201d the Latvian company said Tuesday that it believed the substance would not enhance athletes\u2019 performance in competition and might even do the opposite.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt would be reasonable to recommend them to use meldonium as a cell protector to avoid heart failure or muscle damage in case of unwanted overload,\u201d the company said.<\/p>\n

Grindeks said that, in sports activity, the drug slows down how the body breaks down fatty acids to produce energy.<\/p>\n

Grindeks did not comment when asked whether someone with the symptoms Sharapova described would be a suitable patient for meldonium. The company said it was designed for patients with chronic heart and circulation conditions, those recovering from illness or injury and people suffering with \u201creduced working capacity, physical and psycho-emotional overload.\u201d<\/p>\n

Haggerty said \u201cthe dosage that Maria was taking was substantially less than any dosage that has been linked to potential performance-enhancing attributes.\u201d<\/p>\n

Meldonium is not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.<\/p>\n

While meldonium was put on banned list as of Jan. 1, the decision to ban it had been announced by WADA and sports organizations as early as September. Sharapova said she received an email with information on the changes in December, but did not read the information at the time.<\/p>\n

The AP was able to buy vials and tablets of meldonium over the counter in Moscow on Tuesday. Accompanying documentation stated that side effects could include blood pressure changes, irregular heartbeat and skin conditions.<\/p>\n

German anti-doping expert Mario Thevis, who helped to develop the test for meldonium, told the AP that testing was reliable despite meldonium\u2019s recent addition to the WADA banned list.<\/p>\n

\u201cThere is a potential of the substance to enhance performance and it has been described as a means to facilitate recovery and to enhance physical as well as mental workload capabilities,\u201d Thevis, a professor at the anti-doping laboratory in Cologne, Germany, said by phone. \u201cIt can be tested as reliably as any other doping agent.\u201d<\/p>\n

___<\/p>\n

Vitnija Saldava in Tallinn, Estonia, and Rachel Cohen in New York contributed to this report.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

MOSCOW \u2014 The drug at the center of Maria Sharapova\u2019s doping case, regularly given to Soviet troops in the 1980s to boost their stamina while fighting in Afghanistan, is normally prescribed for medical use for periods of four to six weeks. Sharapova faces possible sanctions after testing positive for meldonium, also known as mildronate, a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":107,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_stopmodifiedupdate":false,"_modified_date":"","wds_primary_category":4,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"yst_prominent_words":[],"class_list":["post-26540","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.juneauempire.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26540","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.juneauempire.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.juneauempire.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.juneauempire.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/107"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.juneauempire.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26540"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.juneauempire.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26540\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.juneauempire.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26540"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.juneauempire.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26540"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.juneauempire.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26540"},{"taxonomy":"yst_prominent_words","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.juneauempire.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/yst_prominent_words?post=26540"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}